If you do sign up, your next job is to help fix the many organisational and publicity problems cryonics has, let alone the technological ones. Cryoptimism (12) is an antipattern.
Cryonics deeply needs strong advocates who apply scepticism to it. I’d love cryonics to work, both technologically and organisationally. At present it does neither. I think it really needs the second even before the first, as the second is achievable right now.
Well, it might preserve information. We don’t actually know that it does. As far as I can find out (and I’ve looked), there is no evidence that the strength of neural network connections—and that’s what your mind appears to be stored in—is actually preserved by current cryonics practice. (If you have something that directly addresses that specific question, I’d love to see it.)
And, of course, revival requires not only as-yet uninvented technology, but as-yet unrealised scientific breakthroughs, and the assumption that the scientific breakthroughs we would need will in fact work out the way we would need them to.
This is a profoundly slim chance to pin one’s hopes on, but it does not provably violate physics as we currently know it.
I’d love cryonics to work. I was actually neutral to positive on it before ciphergoth provoked me into investigating for the RW article. But there is no evidence as yet that current practice does or can, only that it might. I feel that being uncompromisingly realistic and rational about the prospects of it working is quite important to behaving sensibly concerning it.
I know of no evidence. Closest I know is the promising result that a percentage of pinewood nematodes (a favourite of cryobiology researchers, having about the simplest known nervous system that is definitely a nervous system) survive cryoprotectants and vitrification and, if they survive, go on to parasitise pinewoods much like they did before. (E. Riga and J. M. Webster. “Cryopreservation of the Pinewood Nematode, Bursaphelenchus spp.”J. Nematol. 1991 October; 23 (4): 438–440.) Preserving a neural network is of course the holy grail. But this is getting way off topic for a blog about the art of human rationality.
Of course it is what happens to whole brains that are vitrified that really matters to cryonics. The only paper published so far on the technology presently used in cryonics applied to whole brains is this one
Unlike slices, there is no expectation that cell viability is preserved in whole brains because the cryoprotectant exposure time is longer. However connectivity and extensive biochemical information is believed to be preserved, as these micrographs suggest. It is presumed, but not proven, that the effect of thermal stress fractures at cryogenic temperatures is displacement of fracture planes. This would theoretically still preserve connectivity information, although requiring hyper-advanced technology to do anything with that information.
First off, for it to preserve no information at all would be extremely surprising. If there are physical structures, that’s some kind of information. But that’s not the question we’re interested in—we are interested in relevant information. As you say, preserving a neural network is the “holy grail” (at least if you aren’t counting loftier yet less crucial goals like reversible whole-body suspension). Notwithstanding, we do have evidence that there is at least some brain structure being preserved—there are pictures and everything.
Er. You do know what “information” is, right? Any structure whatsoever contains information. If you can make out discernible shapes under an electron microscope, that’s information.
But anyway… Given our present lack of precision cellular repair tech, this seems like it would be more relevant than revival experiments. Not that the nematode example isn’t insanely cool.
Usually the problem is not with freezing—but with thawing. Vitrification improves things further—but even without that an enormous quantity of information seems bound to be preserved. I don’t think scepticism about this has much scientific basis. We know enough about the brain, and about freezing to see that a mountain of information will be preserved.
If you do sign up, your next job is to help fix the many organisational and publicity problems cryonics has, let alone the technological ones. Cryoptimism (1 2) is an antipattern.
Cryonics deeply needs strong advocates who apply scepticism to it. I’d love cryonics to work, both technologically and organisationally. At present it does neither. I think it really needs the second even before the first, as the second is achievable right now.
This is such a great comment over all that I’m not going to be pedantic about the pretense in “cryonics does not work technologically”. Upvoted.
Well, it might preserve information. We don’t actually know that it does. As far as I can find out (and I’ve looked), there is no evidence that the strength of neural network connections—and that’s what your mind appears to be stored in—is actually preserved by current cryonics practice. (If you have something that directly addresses that specific question, I’d love to see it.)
And, of course, revival requires not only as-yet uninvented technology, but as-yet unrealised scientific breakthroughs, and the assumption that the scientific breakthroughs we would need will in fact work out the way we would need them to.
This is a profoundly slim chance to pin one’s hopes on, but it does not provably violate physics as we currently know it.
I’d love cryonics to work. I was actually neutral to positive on it before ciphergoth provoked me into investigating for the RW article. But there is no evidence as yet that current practice does or can, only that it might. I feel that being uncompromisingly realistic and rational about the prospects of it working is quite important to behaving sensibly concerning it.
Are you saying we don’t know that it preserves information at all?
I know of no evidence. Closest I know is the promising result that a percentage of pinewood nematodes (a favourite of cryobiology researchers, having about the simplest known nervous system that is definitely a nervous system) survive cryoprotectants and vitrification and, if they survive, go on to parasitise pinewoods much like they did before. (E. Riga and J. M. Webster. “Cryopreservation of the Pinewood Nematode, Bursaphelenchus spp.” J. Nematol. 1991 October; 23 (4): 438–440.) Preserving a neural network is of course the holy grail. But this is getting way off topic for a blog about the art of human rationality.
Animals with more sophisticated nervous systems than nematodes can survive vitrification.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20086136
Even more sophisticated neural networks, mammalian brain slices, can now be vitrified with present technology.
http://www.21cm.com/pdfs/hippo_published.pdf
Of course it is what happens to whole brains that are vitrified that really matters to cryonics. The only paper published so far on the technology presently used in cryonics applied to whole brains is this one
http://www.alcor.org/Library/pdfs/Lemler-Annals.pdf
with more micrographs from that study here
http://www.alcor.org/Library/html/cambridge.html
and many more here
http://www.alcor.org/Library/html/micrographs.html
Unlike slices, there is no expectation that cell viability is preserved in whole brains because the cryoprotectant exposure time is longer. However connectivity and extensive biochemical information is believed to be preserved, as these micrographs suggest. It is presumed, but not proven, that the effect of thermal stress fractures at cryogenic temperatures is displacement of fracture planes. This would theoretically still preserve connectivity information, although requiring hyper-advanced technology to do anything with that information.
First off, for it to preserve no information at all would be extremely surprising. If there are physical structures, that’s some kind of information. But that’s not the question we’re interested in—we are interested in relevant information. As you say, preserving a neural network is the “holy grail” (at least if you aren’t counting loftier yet less crucial goals like reversible whole-body suspension). Notwithstanding, we do have evidence that there is at least some brain structure being preserved—there are pictures and everything.
Er. You do know what “information” is, right? Any structure whatsoever contains information. If you can make out discernible shapes under an electron microscope, that’s information.
But anyway… Given our present lack of precision cellular repair tech, this seems like it would be more relevant than revival experiments. Not that the nematode example isn’t insanely cool.
Alcor says:
“It is a well-established fact that long-term memories are encoded in durable physical and chemical changes.”
http://www.alcor.org/sciencefaq.htm
Usually the problem is not with freezing—but with thawing. Vitrification improves things further—but even without that an enormous quantity of information seems bound to be preserved. I don’t think scepticism about this has much scientific basis. We know enough about the brain, and about freezing to see that a mountain of information will be preserved.
Also, check out the frozen frogs.