(Crossposted reply to crossposted comment from the EA Forum)
Thanks for the comment! In order:
I think that its performance at test time is one of the more relevant measures—I take grandmasters’ considering fewer moves during a game as evidence that they’ve learned something more of the ‘essence’ of chess than AlphaZero, and I think AlphaZero’s learning was similarly superior to Stockfish’s relatively blind approach. Training time is also an important measure—but that’s why Carey brings up the 300-year AlphaGo Zero milestone.
Indeed we are. And it’s not clear to me that we’re much better optimized for general cognition. We’re extremely bad at doing math that pocket calculators have no problem with, yet it took us a while to build a good chess and Go-playing AI. I worry we have very little idea how hard different cognitive tasks will be to something with a brain-equivalent amount of compute.
I’m focusing on compute partly because it’s the easiest to measure. My understanding (and I think everyone else’s) of AI capabilities is largely shaped by how impressive the results of major papers intuitively seem. And when AI can use something like the amount of compute a human brain has, we should eventually get a similar level of capability, so I think compute is a good yardstick.
I’m not sure I fully understand how the metric would work. For the Atari example, it seems clear to me that we could easily reach it without making a generalizable AI system, or vice versa. I’m not sure what metric could be appropriate—I think we’d have to know a lot more about intelligence. And I don’t know if we’ll need a completely different computing paradigm from ML to learn in a more general way. There might not be a relevant capability level for ML systems that would correspond to human-level AI.
But let’s say that we could come up with a relevant metric. Then I’d agree with Garfinkel, as long as people in the community had known roughly the current state of AI in relation to it and the rate of advance toward it before the release of “AI and Compute”.
(Criss-cross)
Sorry, I meant the results in light of which methods were used, implications for other research, etc. The sentence would better read, “My understanding (and I think everyone else’s) of AI capabilities is largely shaped by how impressive major papers seem.”
Yeah, totally got that—I just think that making a relevant metric would be hard, and we’d have to know a lot that we don’t know now, including whether current ML techniques can ever lead to AGI.
Interesting. Yeah, I don’t much trust my own intuitions on our current progress. I’d love to have a better understanding of how to evaluate the implications of new developments, but I really can’t do much better than, “GPT-2 impressed me a lot more than AlphaStar.” And to be totally clear—I don’t think we’ll get AGI as soon as we reach the 18-year mark, or the 300-year one. I do tend to think that the necessary amount of compute is somewhere in that range, though. After we reach it, I’m stuck using my intuition to guess when we’ll have the right algorithms to create AGI.