So, we could add a node to the graph for every single node, which corresponds to whether or not that node was
the subject of an intervention.
In fact, Phil Dawid does precisely this. What he ends up with is still interventions. (Of course he (I think!) does not believe in counterfactuals, but that is a long discussion.)
In fact, Phil Dawid does precisely this. What he ends up with is still interventions. (Of course he (I think!) does not believe in counterfactuals, but that is a long discussion.)