We don’t do any of these things for diffusion models that output images, and yet these diffusion models manage to be much smaller than models that output words, while maintaining an even higher level of output quality. What is it about words that makes the task different?
I’m not sure that “even higher level of output quality” is actually true, but I recognize that it can be difficult to judge when an image generation model has succeeded. In particular, I think current image models are fairly bad at specifics in much the same way as early language models.
But I think the real problem is that we seem to still be stuck on “words”. When I ask GPT-4 a logic question, and it produces a grammatically correct sentence that answers the logic puzzle correctly, only part of that is related to “words”—the other part is a nebulous blob of reasoning.
I went all the way back to GPT-1 (117 million parameters) and tested next word prediction—specifically, I gave a bunch of prompts, and I looked for only if the very next word was what I would have expected. I think it’s incredibly good at that! Probably better than most humans.
Or are you suggesting that image generators could also be greatly improved by training minimal models, and then embedding those models within larger networks?
No, because this is already how image generators work. That’s what I said in my first post when I noted the architectural differences between image generators and language models. An image generator, as a system, consists of multiple models. There is a text → image space, and then an image space → image. The text → image space encoder is generally trained first, then it’s normally frozen during the training of the image decoder.[1] Meanwhile, the image decoder is trained on a straightforward task: “given this image, predict the noise that was added”. In the actual system, that decoder is put into a loop to generate the final result. I’m requoting the relevant section of my first post below:
The reason why I’m discussing the network in the language of instructions, stack space, and loops is because I disagree with a blanket statement like “scale is all you need”. I think it’s obvious that scaling the neural network is a patch on the first two constraints, and scaling the training data is a patch on the third constraint.
This is also why I think that point #3 is relevant. If GPT-3 does so well because it’s using the sea of parameters for unrolled loops, then something like Stable Diffusion at 1/200th the size probably makes sense.
The trick here is that they decoupled the encoding from training the diffusion model. That way, the autoencoder can be trained to get the best image representation and then downstream several diffusion models can be trained on the so-called latent representation
This is the idea that I’m saying could be applied to language models, or rather, to a thing that we want to demonstrate “general intelligence” in the form of reasoning / problem solving / Q&A / planning / etc. First train a LLM, then train a larger system with the LLM as a component within it.
I’m not sure that “even higher level of output quality” is actually true, but I recognize that it can be difficult to judge when an image generation model has succeeded. In particular, I think current image models are fairly bad at specifics in much the same way as early language models.
But I think the real problem is that we seem to still be stuck on “words”. When I ask GPT-4 a logic question, and it produces a grammatically correct sentence that answers the logic puzzle correctly, only part of that is related to “words”—the other part is a nebulous blob of reasoning.
I went all the way back to GPT-1 (117 million parameters) and tested next word prediction—specifically, I gave a bunch of prompts, and I looked for only if the very next word was what I would have expected. I think it’s incredibly good at that! Probably better than most humans.
No, because this is already how image generators work. That’s what I said in my first post when I noted the architectural differences between image generators and language models. An image generator, as a system, consists of multiple models. There is a text → image space, and then an image space → image. The text → image space encoder is generally trained first, then it’s normally frozen during the training of the image decoder.[1] Meanwhile, the image decoder is trained on a straightforward task: “given this image, predict the noise that was added”. In the actual system, that decoder is put into a loop to generate the final result. I’m requoting the relevant section of my first post below:
Refer to figure 2 in https://cdn.openai.com/papers/dall-e-2.pdf. Or read this:
This is the idea that I’m saying could be applied to language models, or rather, to a thing that we want to demonstrate “general intelligence” in the form of reasoning / problem solving / Q&A / planning / etc. First train a LLM, then train a larger system with the LLM as a component within it.