What is moral realism doing in the same taxon with fully robust and good-enough alignment? (This seems like a huge, foundational worldview gap; people who think alignment is easy still buy the orthogonality thesis.)
Technically even Moral Realism doesn’t imply Anti-Orthogonality thesis! Moral Realism is necessary but not sufficient for Anti-Orthogonality, you have to be a particular kind of very hardcore platonist moral realist who believes that ‘to know the good is to do the good’, to be Anti-Orthogonality, and argue that not only are there moral facts but that these facts are intrinsically motivating.
Most moral realists would say that it’s possible to know what’s good but not act on it: even if this is an ‘unreasonable’ disposition in some sense, this ‘unreasonableness’ it’s compatible with being extremely intelligent and powerful in practical terms.
Even famous moral realists like Kant wouldn’t deny the Orthogonality thesis: Kant would accept that it’s possible to understand hypothetical but not categorical imperatives, and he’d distinguish capital-R Reason from simple means-end ‘rationality’. I think from among moral realists, it’s really only platonists and divine command theorists who’d deny Orthogonality itself.
Technically even Moral Realism doesn’t imply Anti-Orthogonality thesis! Moral Realism is necessary but not sufficient for Anti-Orthogonality, you have to be a particular kind of very hardcore platonist moral realist who believes that ‘to know the good is to do the good’, to be Anti-Orthogonality, and argue that not only are there moral facts but that these facts are intrinsically motivating.
Most moral realists would say that it’s possible to know what’s good but not act on it: even if this is an ‘unreasonable’ disposition in some sense, this ‘unreasonableness’ it’s compatible with being extremely intelligent and powerful in practical terms.
Even famous moral realists like Kant wouldn’t deny the Orthogonality thesis: Kant would accept that it’s possible to understand hypothetical but not categorical imperatives, and he’d distinguish capital-R Reason from simple means-end ‘rationality’. I think from among moral realists, it’s really only platonists and divine command theorists who’d deny Orthogonality itself.