Empirically we seem to be converging on the idea that the expansion of the universe continues forever (see Wikipedia for a summary of the possibilities), but it’s not totally slam-dunk yet. If there is a Big Crunch, then that puts a hard limit on the time available.
If—as we currently believe—that doesn’t happen, then the universe will cool over time, until it gets too cold (=too short of negentropy) to sustain any given process. A superintelligence would obviously see this coming, and have plenty of time to prepare—we’re talking hundreds of trillions of years before star formation ceases. It might be able to switch to lower-power processes to continue in attenuated form, but eventually it’ll run out.
This is, of course, assuming our view of physics is basically right and there aren’t any exotic possibilities like punching a hole through to a new, younger universe.
Baring unknown physics, it is absolutely slam-dunk known that the universe ends in a big freeze, not a great crunch. Perlmutter et al got the nobel prize in 2011 for discovering that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, due to an unknown effect called for now dark energy. Unless there is some future undiscovered transition, the end of the universe will be cold and lonely, as even the nearest galaxies eventually red shift to infinity.
I don’t remember the exact math, but I believe that it was shown that in an expanding and cooling universe, the amount of energy available at any one spot drops over time, but so long as some distant future energy could slow down it’s thinking process and energy use arbitrarily, that you could live forever in subjective time by steadily slowing down the objective speed of your thought process over time. The Last Computer (or energy being, or whatever) would objectively go a longer and longer time between each thought, but from a subjective point of view it would be able to continue forever.
Of course, if the rate of the universe’s expansion steadily accelerates indefinitely, that might not work, energy might fall off at too fast of a rate for that to be possible. We don’t really know enough about dark energy yet to know how that’s going to go.
Empirically we seem to be converging on the idea that the expansion of the universe continues forever (see Wikipedia for a summary of the possibilities), but it’s not totally slam-dunk yet. If there is a Big Crunch, then that puts a hard limit on the time available.
If—as we currently believe—that doesn’t happen, then the universe will cool over time, until it gets too cold (=too short of negentropy) to sustain any given process. A superintelligence would obviously see this coming, and have plenty of time to prepare—we’re talking hundreds of trillions of years before star formation ceases. It might be able to switch to lower-power processes to continue in attenuated form, but eventually it’ll run out.
This is, of course, assuming our view of physics is basically right and there aren’t any exotic possibilities like punching a hole through to a new, younger universe.
Baring unknown physics, it is absolutely slam-dunk known that the universe ends in a big freeze, not a great crunch. Perlmutter et al got the nobel prize in 2011 for discovering that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, due to an unknown effect called for now dark energy. Unless there is some future undiscovered transition, the end of the universe will be cold and lonely, as even the nearest galaxies eventually red shift to infinity.
I don’t remember the exact math, but I believe that it was shown that in an expanding and cooling universe, the amount of energy available at any one spot drops over time, but so long as some distant future energy could slow down it’s thinking process and energy use arbitrarily, that you could live forever in subjective time by steadily slowing down the objective speed of your thought process over time. The Last Computer (or energy being, or whatever) would objectively go a longer and longer time between each thought, but from a subjective point of view it would be able to continue forever.
Of course, if the rate of the universe’s expansion steadily accelerates indefinitely, that might not work, energy might fall off at too fast of a rate for that to be possible. We don’t really know enough about dark energy yet to know how that’s going to go.