So if I find a natural antimatter star, and I’m afraid someone will use it as a weapon, the safest thing to do is to throw it into a black hole.
Suppose two black holes have the same masses, electrical charges, and angular momenta, but the first black hole is made out of ordinary matter whereas the second is made out of antimatter, then they will be completely indistinguishable to an observer outside the event horizon.
In other words, even if we collide a matter black hole and an antimatter black hole, we won’t see any evidence of mutual annihilation—we’ll just get a double-size black hole. Cool.
So if I find a natural antimatter star, and I’m afraid someone will use it as a weapon, the safest thing to do is to throw it into a black hole.
I’m sorry if I’m explaining the joke, but the rule of thumb is that this only saves you an order of magnitude of violence; 10% of the mass is released as radiation.
In fact, “throw it into a black hole” seems like a better answer to Liron’s question than “collide it with equally much antimatter.” It’s not as efficient, but it’s a lot easier to find black holes than antimatter. It may be easier in the annihilation case to actually use the energy, but I’m not sure.
So if I find a natural antimatter star, and I’m afraid someone will use it as a weapon, the safest thing to do is to throw it into a black hole.
I’m sorry if I’m explaining the joke, but the rule of thumb is that this only saves you an order of magnitude of violence; 10% of the mass is released as radiation.
In fact, “throw it into a black hole” seems like a better answer to Liron’s question than “collide it with equally much antimatter.” It’s not as efficient, but it’s a lot easier to find black holes than antimatter. It may be easier in the annihilation case to actually use the energy, but I’m not sure.
So if I find a natural antimatter star, and I’m afraid someone will use it as a weapon, the safest thing to do is to throw it into a black hole.
If an antimatter star (of one solar mass) was thrown at a matter star how far away would they need to be for the ecosystem on earth not to be seriously damaged?
If throwing antimatter stars around is difficult we may be able to resort to playing ‘asteroids’. That is, throw actual asteroids at it, resulting in smaller blasts of annhialiation and probably in the star being fragmented, allowing further asteroids to finish the clean up process.
That is, throw actual asteroids at it, resulting in smaller blasts of annhialiation and probably in the star being fragmented, allowing further asteroids to finish the clean up process.
Wouldn’t we need asteroids of total mass comparable to the anti-star? Where would you we enough? Any planets or asteroid belts around that star would be antimatter too, almost certainly.
Wouldn’t we need asteroids of total mass comparable to the anti-star? Where would you we enough? Any planets or asteroid belts around that star would be antimatter too, almost certainly.
Yes, you would need that much matter to be annihilated. But finding one system’s worth of mass is a (relatively) trivial part of the problem. It is a whole order of plausibility easier than trying to throw an antimatter star into a black hole. Taking apart the nearby systems and throwing the planets and asteriods at the offending star is just an engineering problem once you have that sort of tech. I could probably do it myself if you gave me 30,000 years to work out the finer details. You either push on the asteroid while standing on something bigger or you launch tiny things off the asteroid at large fractions of the speed of light in a suitable direction.
Throwing a whole antimatter star into a suitable black hole? I can’t even do that one in principle (within 2 minutes of thought). Apart from being really big and too hot to put propulsion devices on… it’s made out of F@#% antimatter. The obvious options for accelerating it are gravity and photons, neither of which care about the ‘matter/antimatter’ distinction. If you have enough gravity hanging about in the vicinity then the star is probably already falling into the black hole. And if you are planning on pushing a star about using only photons.… well, you may end up using more than just one star worth of matter to pull that off.
Then there is the problem of finding a suitably large black hole to throw it at. They tend to have stuff in their orbit (often the rest of the galaxy). Navigating an antimatter star to the black hole without it annihilating itself of the way there would be tricky. It isn’t easy to steer these things.
What may be easier is to dedicate a year or two run time on a Jupiter Brain to work out just the right size rock to throw at just the right time at just the right place. The resulting explosion would be chosen to knock the star in the right direction, or in the right pieces in the right directions, or whatever it is that antimatter stars do when you throw rocks at them. Then most of the destruction would be from it hitting the other stars that you aimed for. You would dispose of the weapon by triggering it in a controlled manner.
So if I find a natural antimatter star, and I’m afraid someone will use it as a weapon, the safest thing to do is to throw it into a black hole.
In other words, even if we collide a matter black hole and an antimatter black hole, we won’t see any evidence of mutual annihilation—we’ll just get a double-size black hole. Cool.
I’m sorry if I’m explaining the joke, but the rule of thumb is that this only saves you an order of magnitude of violence; 10% of the mass is released as radiation.
In fact, “throw it into a black hole” seems like a better answer to Liron’s question than “collide it with equally much antimatter.” It’s not as efficient, but it’s a lot easier to find black holes than antimatter. It may be easier in the annihilation case to actually use the energy, but I’m not sure.
Probably. If nothing else, for a given amount of energy released you will probably be able to stand closer to collect it in the antimatter case.
I’m sorry if I’m explaining the joke, but the rule of thumb is that this only saves you an order of magnitude of violence; 10% of the mass is released as radiation.
In fact, “throw it into a black hole” seems like a better answer to Liron’s question than “collide it with equally much antimatter.” It’s not as efficient, but it’s a lot easier to find black holes than antimatter. It may be easier in the annihilation case to actually use the energy, but I’m not sure.
If an antimatter star (of one solar mass) was thrown at a matter star how far away would they need to be for the ecosystem on earth not to be seriously damaged?
If throwing antimatter stars around is difficult we may be able to resort to playing ‘asteroids’. That is, throw actual asteroids at it, resulting in smaller blasts of annhialiation and probably in the star being fragmented, allowing further asteroids to finish the clean up process.
Wouldn’t we need asteroids of total mass comparable to the anti-star? Where would you we enough? Any planets or asteroid belts around that star would be antimatter too, almost certainly.
Yes, you would need that much matter to be annihilated. But finding one system’s worth of mass is a (relatively) trivial part of the problem. It is a whole order of plausibility easier than trying to throw an antimatter star into a black hole. Taking apart the nearby systems and throwing the planets and asteriods at the offending star is just an engineering problem once you have that sort of tech. I could probably do it myself if you gave me 30,000 years to work out the finer details. You either push on the asteroid while standing on something bigger or you launch tiny things off the asteroid at large fractions of the speed of light in a suitable direction.
Throwing a whole antimatter star into a suitable black hole? I can’t even do that one in principle (within 2 minutes of thought). Apart from being really big and too hot to put propulsion devices on… it’s made out of F@#% antimatter. The obvious options for accelerating it are gravity and photons, neither of which care about the ‘matter/antimatter’ distinction. If you have enough gravity hanging about in the vicinity then the star is probably already falling into the black hole. And if you are planning on pushing a star about using only photons.… well, you may end up using more than just one star worth of matter to pull that off.
Then there is the problem of finding a suitably large black hole to throw it at. They tend to have stuff in their orbit (often the rest of the galaxy). Navigating an antimatter star to the black hole without it annihilating itself of the way there would be tricky. It isn’t easy to steer these things.
What may be easier is to dedicate a year or two run time on a Jupiter Brain to work out just the right size rock to throw at just the right time at just the right place. The resulting explosion would be chosen to knock the star in the right direction, or in the right pieces in the right directions, or whatever it is that antimatter stars do when you throw rocks at them. Then most of the destruction would be from it hitting the other stars that you aimed for. You would dispose of the weapon by triggering it in a controlled manner.