If it’s to make the ethnic/gender/etc. distributions of each profession and each workplace match the distributions of the country or the world, then they’re very productive.
No, they aren’t, because, for example in tech, there aren’t enough women available to -hire-, regardless of how much affirmative action you pile on.
A strategy that is leads to hiring all available women is still very productive, if the alternative would be not hiring all of them. Besides, if you entice women enough (e.g. by guaranteeing employment), then the pool of available women will eventually grow bigger than it would have otherwise. (Whether it would reach parity, or exceed it, is a separate matter.)
No, they aren’t, because, for example in tech, there aren’t enough women available to -hire-, regardless of how much affirmative action you pile on.
A strategy that is leads to hiring all available women is still very productive, if the alternative would be not hiring all of them. Besides, if you entice women enough (e.g. by guaranteeing employment), then the pool of available women will eventually grow bigger than it would have otherwise. (Whether it would reach parity, or exceed it, is a separate matter.)