a non-esoteric example of Tulpas in everyday life is how some religious people say that God really speaks and appears to them. The “learning process” and stuff seem pretty similar—the only difference I can see is that in the case of Tulpas it is commonly acknowledged that the phenomenon is imaginary.
Very good! A psychologist who studies evangelicals recognized it as the same phenomenon.
There is pretty good empirical evidence against the parallel-processing idea now.