The only long-term scenario I know that avoids both this outcome and heat death involves launching colonies into the “dust” as Greg Egan described. Unfortunately the assumptions required for that to work may well turn out to be false. There’s no known law of nature saying we can’t be trapped in the long term. And if we are trapped, I think I prefer a repeating paradise to heat death.
The only long-term scenario I know that avoids both this outcome and heat death involves launching colonies into the “dust” as Greg Egan described. Unfortunately the assumptions required for that to work may well turn out to be false. There’s no known law of nature saying we can’t be trapped in the long term. And if we are trapped, I think I prefer a repeating paradise to heat death.