This just looks like an instance of using contradictory language to indicate that Tom fits the the conventional definitions of neither a bachelor or a married man. You could also say Tom is a single spouse. Bachelor happens to have connotations of referring to lifestyle rather than legal status which makes your meaning plainer. The fact that language is flexible enough to get around logic doesn’t mean married bachelor isn’t a logical contradiction or that Kant is wrong.
My point is that we have words because they call out a useful, albeit fuzzy, blob of conceptspace. We may try to claim that two words mean the same thing, but if there are different words, there’s probably a reason—because we want to reference different concepts (“connotations”) in someone’s mind.
It’s important to distinguish between the concepts we are trying to reference, vs. some objective equivalence we think exists in the territory. The territory actually includes minds that think different thoughts on hearing “unmarried” vs. “bachelor”.
ETA: My point regarding Kant was this: He should have seen statements like “All bachelors are unmarried” as evidence regarding how humans decide to use words, not as evidence for the existence of certain categories in reality’s most fundamental ontology.
My point regarding Kant was this: He should have seen statements like “All bachelors are unmarried” as evidence regarding how humans decide to use words, not as evidence for the existence of certain categories in reality’s most fundamental ontology.
By “certain categories in reality’s most fundamental ontology”, do you mean the synthetic/analytic distinction? He wouldn’t consider that distinction to be part of reality’s most fundamental ontology. He would disavow any ability to get at “fundamental reality”, which he would consider to be intrinsically out of reach, locked away in the inaccessible numinous.
Actually, he would say something very close to what you wrote when you said that he “should have seen statements like ‘All bachelors are unmarried’ as evidence regarding how humans decide to use words”. What he would say is that the statement is evidence regarding how humans have decided to build a certain concept out of other concepts.
If you affirm the assertion “All bachelors are unmarried” to yourself, then what you are doing, on Kant’s view, is inspecting the concept “bachelor” in your own mind and finding the concept “unmarried” to be among its building blocks. The assertion is analytic because one confirms it to oneself in this way.
Analyticity doesn’t have to do with what the things you call bachelors are like in and of themselves. So it’s not about fundamental reality. Rather, analysis is the act of inspecting how a concept is put together in your mind, and analytic assertions are just assertions that analysis can justify, such as that one concept is part of another concept.
Kant would even allow that you could make a mistake while carrying out this inspection. You might think that “unmarried” was one of the original pieces out of which you had built “bachelor”, when in fact you just now snuck in “unmarried” to form some new concept without realizing it. That is, you might have just unknowingly carried out an act of synthesis. Kant would say, though, that you can reach effective certainty if you are sufficiently careful, just as you can reach effective certainty about a simple arithmetical sum if you perform the sum with sufficient care.
[The above is just to clarify Kant’s claims, not to endorse them.]
This just looks like an instance of using contradictory language to indicate that Tom fits the the conventional definitions of neither a bachelor or a married man. You could also say Tom is a single spouse. Bachelor happens to have connotations of referring to lifestyle rather than legal status which makes your meaning plainer. The fact that language is flexible enough to get around logic doesn’t mean married bachelor isn’t a logical contradiction or that Kant is wrong.
My point is that we have words because they call out a useful, albeit fuzzy, blob of conceptspace. We may try to claim that two words mean the same thing, but if there are different words, there’s probably a reason—because we want to reference different concepts (“connotations”) in someone’s mind.
It’s important to distinguish between the concepts we are trying to reference, vs. some objective equivalence we think exists in the territory. The territory actually includes minds that think different thoughts on hearing “unmarried” vs. “bachelor”.
ETA: My point regarding Kant was this: He should have seen statements like “All bachelors are unmarried” as evidence regarding how humans decide to use words, not as evidence for the existence of certain categories in reality’s most fundamental ontology.
By “certain categories in reality’s most fundamental ontology”, do you mean the synthetic/analytic distinction? He wouldn’t consider that distinction to be part of reality’s most fundamental ontology. He would disavow any ability to get at “fundamental reality”, which he would consider to be intrinsically out of reach, locked away in the inaccessible numinous.
Actually, he would say something very close to what you wrote when you said that he “should have seen statements like ‘All bachelors are unmarried’ as evidence regarding how humans decide to use words”. What he would say is that the statement is evidence regarding how humans have decided to build a certain concept out of other concepts.
If you affirm the assertion “All bachelors are unmarried” to yourself, then what you are doing, on Kant’s view, is inspecting the concept “bachelor” in your own mind and finding the concept “unmarried” to be among its building blocks. The assertion is analytic because one confirms it to oneself in this way.
Analyticity doesn’t have to do with what the things you call bachelors are like in and of themselves. So it’s not about fundamental reality. Rather, analysis is the act of inspecting how a concept is put together in your mind, and analytic assertions are just assertions that analysis can justify, such as that one concept is part of another concept.
Kant would even allow that you could make a mistake while carrying out this inspection. You might think that “unmarried” was one of the original pieces out of which you had built “bachelor”, when in fact you just now snuck in “unmarried” to form some new concept without realizing it. That is, you might have just unknowingly carried out an act of synthesis. Kant would say, though, that you can reach effective certainty if you are sufficiently careful, just as you can reach effective certainty about a simple arithmetical sum if you perform the sum with sufficient care.
[The above is just to clarify Kant’s claims, not to endorse them.]
I don’t disagree with anything here.
Rockin’.
I’d tie the point back to the original quotation, but I’m losing interest now and actually kind of busy...