If you want actual methods of distinguishing them in humans, I don’t think that is trivial.
There are some heuristics, though. For example, if young babies want it, it is an intrinsic value—whereas if it varies from one culture to the next, it is probably instrumental. If you keep going like that, you eventually wind up with a pretty good idea about how to classify most values.
The utility function contains the values which we want to preserve—except when we are using pragmatic utility functions for performance reasons.
That’s like saying that opium puts people to sleep because it has a dormative power. Doesn’t go anywhere.
If you want actual methods of distinguishing them in humans, I don’t think that is trivial.
There are some heuristics, though. For example, if young babies want it, it is an intrinsic value—whereas if it varies from one culture to the next, it is probably instrumental. If you keep going like that, you eventually wind up with a pretty good idea about how to classify most values.