Why are you classifying Approval Voting as cardinal?
Ordinal voting systems force you to express a strict preference between all candidates; cardinal voting systems allow you to have candidates tie. For any election with at least three candidates, there has to be a tie if you’re using approval voting.
Ordinal voting systems force you to express a strict preference between all candidates; cardinal voting systems allow you to have candidates tie. For any election with at least three candidates, there has to be a tie if you’re using approval voting.
Defining “cardinal” as “allows you to rank two candidates as equal” is a very weird use of the term, but it does appear to be standard: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_voting