The experimental analysis of appetite. Psychological Bulletin, 38, 129-164.
With W. B. Singer. Studies in affective reaction: I. A new affective rating-scale. Journal of General Psychology, 24, 281-301.
With W. B. Singer. Studies in affective reaction: II. Dependence of affective ratings upon the stimulus-situation. Journal of General Psychology, 24, 303-325.
With W. B. Singer. Studies in affective reaction: III. The specificity of affective reactions. Journal of General Psychology, 24, 327-341.
Motivation. In W. S. Monroe (Ed.), Encyclopedia of educational research. New York: Macmillan.
1942
With W. F. Thomas. A study of organic set: Immediate reproduction, by different muscle groups, of patterns presented by successive visual flashes. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 30, 347-367.
1943
Emotion in man and animal, its nature and relation to attitude and motive. New York: Wiley.
1944
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: I. Running activity and dietary habit of the rat in relation to food preference. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 37, 327-370.
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: II. Group self-selection maintenance as a method in the study of food preferences. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 37, 371-391.
Food Preferences, food habits, and appetites of the rat. Report, Feb. 13, National Research Council, Committee on Food Habits, Washington, D. C.
1945
With J. P. Chaplin. Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: III, Palatability and appetite in relation to bodily need. Comparative Psychology Monographs, 18, No. 3.
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: IV. The balance between hunger and thirst. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 38, 135-174.
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: V. Techniques for testing food preference and the significance of results obtained with different methods.Comparative Psychology Monographs, 19, No. 1.
With H. B. Carlson & R. P. Fischer. Improvement in elementary psychology as related to intelligence. Psychological Bulletin, 42, 27-34.
1946
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: VI. Habit, palatability and the diet as factors regulating the selection of food by the rat. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 39, 139-176.
With J. A. Yavitz. Activities in which college students experience success and failure and those in which they wish to be more successful. Journal of Social Psychology, 24, 131-148.
Motivation. In P. L. Harriman (Ed.), Encyclopedia of psychology. New York: Philosophical Library.
La emocion en el hombre y en el animal. (Trans. by Emilia Mira) Buenos Aires: Nova.
1947
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: VII. Palatability in relation to learning and performance. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 40, 37-72.
Motivation, feeling, and emotion. In T. G. Andrews (Ed), Methods of psychology. New York: Wiley.
1948
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: VIII. Food-seeking drives, palatability and the law of effect. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 41, 269-300.
Appetite, palatability and feeding habit: A critical review. Psychological Bulletin, 45, 289-320.
1949
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit. IX. Palatability versus appetite as determinants of the critical concentrations of sucrose and sodium chloride. Comparative Psychology Monographs, 19(5), 1-44.
With J. P. Chaplin. Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit; X. Preferences of adrenalectomized rats for salt solutions of different concentrations. Comparative Psychology Monographs, 19(5), 45-74.
Food-seeking drive, affective process, and learning. Psychological Review, 56, 98-121.
Emotion as disorganized response: A reply to Professor Leeper. Psychological Review, 56, 184-191.
Mechanical aids for patients with muscular disability. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 31-A, 428-430.
1950
Motivation, In W. S. Monroe (Ed.), Encyclopedia of educational research. (Rev. ed.) New York: Macmillan.
1951
Motivation of animal behavior. In C. P. Stone (Ed.), Comparative psychology. (3rd ed.) New York: Prentice-Hall.
1952
With H. W. Richey. Diurnal drinking patterns in the rat. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 45, 80-89.
With A. W. Heyer & H. W. Richey. Drinking patterns in the rat following water deprivation and subcutaneous injections of sodium chloride, Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 45, 90-95.
The role of hedonic processes in the organization of behavior. Psychological Review, 59, 249-262.
Motivation, affectivite et emotion. In T. G. Andrews (Ed.), Methodes de la psychologie. (Trans. by C. Nony) Paris: Presses Universitaires.
1953
With J. T. Greene. Quantity of food ingested as a measure of relative acceptability. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 46, 288-294.
With J. T. Greene. Relative acceptability of saccharine solutions as revealed by different methods. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 46, 295-298.
Differential color-mixers. American Journal of Psychology, 66, 312-313.
Motivation. In W. Yust (Ed.), Encyclopedia Britannica. Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica Press.
1954
With C. Pfaffman, V, G. Dethier, C. P. Richter, & E. Stellar. The preparation of solutions for research in chemoreception and food acceptance. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 47, 93-96.
With E. H. Shuford, Jr. Intensity, duration, and repetition of hedonic processes as related to acquisition of motives. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 47, 298-305. (Reprinted: Indianapolis, Ind.: Bobbs-Merrill. No. P-371.)
1955
With E. H. Shuford, Jr. Quantitative control of motivation through sucrose solutions of different concentrations. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 48, 114-118.
Are there degrees of preference? American Journal of Psychology, 68, 318-319.
The role of hedonic processes in motivation. In M. R. Jones (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation: 1955. Lincoln: Univer. Nebraska Press.
1956
With J. L. Falk. The relative acceptability of sodium chloride solutions as a function of concentration and water need. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 49, 569-575.
With J. L. Falk. The acceptability of tap water and distilled water to nonthirsty rats. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 49, 336-338.
1957
With D. Asdourian. Relative acceptability of sodium chloride and sucrose solutions. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 50, 499-503.
Continuous recording of the fluid-intake of small animals. American Journal of Psychology, 70, 295-298.
Psychologic factors regulating the feeding process. (University of Minnesota Symposium on Nutrition and Behavior, April 27, 1956) American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 5, 154-161.
1958
With J. L. Falk & W. E. Kappauf. Running activity and preference as related to concentration of sodium chloride solutions. American Journal of Psychology, 71, 255-262.
1959
The role of affective processes in learning and motivation. Psychological Review, 66, 104-125. (Reprinted: Indianapolis, Ind.: Bobbs-Merrill. No. P-372.)
1960
Motivation. In W. H. Crouse (Ed.), Encyclopedia of science and technology. New York: McGrawHill.
Motivation and emotion, a survey of the determinants of human and animal activity. New York: Wiley.
1962
With W. E. Kappauf. Apparatus and procedures for studying taste-preferences in the white rat.American Journal of Psychology, 75, 482-484.
With K. R. Christensen. Algebraic summation of hedonic processes. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 55, 332-336.
Methods for the study of feeling and emotion. In D. K. Candland (Ed.), Emotion, bodily change. Princeton, N. J.: Van Nostrand.
Drives. In L. Shores (Ed.), Collier’s encyclopedia. New York: Crowell-Collier.
Feeling. In L. Shores (Ed.), Collier’s encyclopedia. New York: Crowell-Collier.
1963
With R. H. Schulte. Isohedonic contours and tongue activity in three gustatory areas of the rat. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 56, 465-475.
With C. H. Madsen, Jr. Individual isohedons in sucrose-sodium chloride and sucrose-saccharin gustatory areas. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 56, 903-909.
With R. G. Burright & L. J. Tromater. Preferences of the white rat for solutions of sucrose and quinine hydrochloride. American Journal of Psychology, 76, 205-217.
Motivation. In A. Deutsch (Ed.), The encyclopedia of mental health. New York: Franklin Watts.
1964
With C. L. Trafton. Activity contour maps as related to preference in four gustatory stimulus areas of the rat. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 58, 68-75.
With C. L. Trafton. Psychophysical studies of taste preference and fluid intake. In M. Wayner (Ed.), Thirst, proceedings of the First International Symposium on Thirst in the Regulation of Body Water held at the Florida State University in Tallahassee, May 1963. Oxford, England: Pergamon Press.
1965
Hedonic organization and regulation of behavior. Psychological Review, in press.
Physiological drives. In E. L. Sills (Ed.), International encyclopedia of the social sciences. New York: Macmillan, in press.
Emotion: The concept. In E. L. Sills (Ed.), International encyclopedia of the social sciences. New York: Macmillan, in press.
None of them mention any experiments which match Feynman’s description even a little bit, and the hits for ‘sand’ all refer to rats digging, not constructing mazes.
I noticed something interesting: in Google Scholar, when you punch in Young as author and the reasonable search terms ‘rat’ ‘maze’ ‘sand’ restricted to before Feynman’s lecture, only 3 items pop up.
(Frustratingly, Young wrote a whole textbook on rats/mice available on the Internet Archive—the year before Feynman says he did the experiment! Another textbook, Emotion in man and animal: its nature and dynamic basis, isn’t on IA but is in Google Books; checking it with a few keywords like ‘sand’ and ‘smell’ and ‘third’, doesn’t seem to throw up any particularly good hits.)
Emotion in man and animal can now be read on Hathitrust: https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000426365 Checking the ToC doesn’t turn up anything relevant, and an additional search for ‘maze’ shows some maze-running mice experiments but not the one in question.
I wonder if it’s possible this is the wrong Young? It is not that rare a US surname (far from it, #28 in 1990). Thinking about it, isn’t calling him “Mr. Young” a little odd? P.T. Young definitely had a PhD and was a tenured professor, so it’s a bit disrespectful to not refer to him as ‘Dr Young’ or Professor Young’. (And some quick skimming doesn’t turn up any obvious connections between Young’s University of Illinois and Feynman, so how did he hear of it?)
1941
The experimental analysis of appetite. Psychological Bulletin, 38, 129-164.
With W. B. Singer. Studies in affective reaction: I. A new affective rating-scale. Journal of General Psychology, 24, 281-301.
With W. B. Singer. Studies in affective reaction: II. Dependence of affective ratings upon the stimulus-situation. Journal of General Psychology, 24, 303-325.
With W. B. Singer. Studies in affective reaction: III. The specificity of affective reactions. Journal of General Psychology, 24, 327-341.
Motivation. In W. S. Monroe (Ed.), Encyclopedia of educational research. New York: Macmillan.
1942
With W. F. Thomas. A study of organic set: Immediate reproduction, by different muscle groups, of patterns presented by successive visual flashes. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 30, 347-367.
1943
Emotion in man and animal, its nature and relation to attitude and motive. New York: Wiley.
1944
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: I. Running activity and dietary habit of the rat in relation to food preference. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 37, 327-370.
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: II. Group self-selection maintenance as a method in the study of food preferences. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 37, 371-391.
Food Preferences, food habits, and appetites of the rat. Report, Feb. 13, National Research Council, Committee on Food Habits, Washington, D. C.
1945
With J. P. Chaplin. Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: III, Palatability and appetite in relation to bodily need. Comparative Psychology Monographs, 18, No. 3.
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: IV. The balance between hunger and thirst. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 38, 135-174.
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: V. Techniques for testing food preference and the significance of results obtained with different methods. Comparative Psychology Monographs, 19, No. 1.
With H. B. Carlson & R. P. Fischer. Improvement in elementary psychology as related to intelligence. Psychological Bulletin, 42, 27-34.
1946
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: VI. Habit, palatability and the diet as factors regulating the selection of food by the rat. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 39, 139-176.
With J. A. Yavitz. Activities in which college students experience success and failure and those in which they wish to be more successful. Journal of Social Psychology, 24, 131-148.
Motivation. In P. L. Harriman (Ed.), Encyclopedia of psychology. New York: Philosophical Library.
La emocion en el hombre y en el animal. (Trans. by Emilia Mira) Buenos Aires: Nova.
1947
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: VII. Palatability in relation to learning and performance. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 40, 37-72.
Motivation, feeling, and emotion. In T. G. Andrews (Ed), Methods of psychology. New York: Wiley.
1948
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit: VIII. Food-seeking drives, palatability and the law of effect. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 41, 269-300.
Appetite, palatability and feeding habit: A critical review. Psychological Bulletin, 45, 289-320.
1949
Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit. IX. Palatability versus appetite as determinants of the critical concentrations of sucrose and sodium chloride. Comparative Psychology Monographs, 19(5), 1-44.
With J. P. Chaplin. Studies of food preference, appetite and dietary habit; X. Preferences of adrenalectomized rats for salt solutions of different concentrations. Comparative Psychology Monographs, 19(5), 45-74.
Food-seeking drive, affective process, and learning. Psychological Review, 56, 98-121.
Emotion as disorganized response: A reply to Professor Leeper. Psychological Review, 56, 184-191.
Mechanical aids for patients with muscular disability. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 31-A, 428-430.
1950
Motivation, In W. S. Monroe (Ed.), Encyclopedia of educational research. (Rev. ed.) New York: Macmillan.
1951
Motivation of animal behavior. In C. P. Stone (Ed.), Comparative psychology. (3rd ed.) New York: Prentice-Hall.
1952
With H. W. Richey. Diurnal drinking patterns in the rat. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 45, 80-89.
With A. W. Heyer & H. W. Richey. Drinking patterns in the rat following water deprivation and subcutaneous injections of sodium chloride, Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 45, 90-95.
The role of hedonic processes in the organization of behavior. Psychological Review, 59, 249-262.
Motivation, affectivite et emotion. In T. G. Andrews (Ed.), Methodes de la psychologie. (Trans. by C. Nony) Paris: Presses Universitaires.
1953
With J. T. Greene. Quantity of food ingested as a measure of relative acceptability. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 46, 288-294.
With J. T. Greene. Relative acceptability of saccharine solutions as revealed by different methods. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 46, 295-298.
Differential color-mixers. American Journal of Psychology, 66, 312-313.
Motivation. In W. Yust (Ed.), Encyclopedia Britannica. Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica Press.
1954
With C. Pfaffman, V, G. Dethier, C. P. Richter, & E. Stellar. The preparation of solutions for research in chemoreception and food acceptance. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 47, 93-96.
With E. H. Shuford, Jr. Intensity, duration, and repetition of hedonic processes as related to acquisition of motives. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 47, 298-305. (Reprinted: Indianapolis, Ind.: Bobbs-Merrill. No. P-371.)
1955
With E. H. Shuford, Jr. Quantitative control of motivation through sucrose solutions of different concentrations. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 48, 114-118.
Are there degrees of preference? American Journal of Psychology, 68, 318-319.
The role of hedonic processes in motivation. In M. R. Jones (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation: 1955. Lincoln: Univer. Nebraska Press.
1956
With J. L. Falk. The relative acceptability of sodium chloride solutions as a function of concentration and water need. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 49, 569-575.
With J. L. Falk. The acceptability of tap water and distilled water to nonthirsty rats. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 49, 336-338.
1957
With D. Asdourian. Relative acceptability of sodium chloride and sucrose solutions. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 50, 499-503.
Continuous recording of the fluid-intake of small animals. American Journal of Psychology, 70, 295-298.
Psychologic factors regulating the feeding process. (University of Minnesota Symposium on Nutrition and Behavior, April 27, 1956) American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 5, 154-161.
1958
With J. L. Falk & W. E. Kappauf. Running activity and preference as related to concentration of sodium chloride solutions. American Journal of Psychology, 71, 255-262.
1959
The role of affective processes in learning and motivation. Psychological Review, 66, 104-125. (Reprinted: Indianapolis, Ind.: Bobbs-Merrill. No. P-372.)
1960
Motivation. In W. H. Crouse (Ed.), Encyclopedia of science and technology. New York: McGrawHill.
Isohedonic contour maps. Psychological Reports, 7, 478.
1961
Motivation and emotion, a survey of the determinants of human and animal activity. New York: Wiley.
1962
With W. E. Kappauf. Apparatus and procedures for studying taste-preferences in the white rat. American Journal of Psychology, 75, 482-484.
With K. R. Christensen. Algebraic summation of hedonic processes. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 55, 332-336.
Methods for the study of feeling and emotion. In D. K. Candland (Ed.), Emotion, bodily change. Princeton, N. J.: Van Nostrand.
Drives. In L. Shores (Ed.), Collier’s encyclopedia. New York: Crowell-Collier.
Feeling. In L. Shores (Ed.), Collier’s encyclopedia. New York: Crowell-Collier.
1963
With R. H. Schulte. Isohedonic contours and tongue activity in three gustatory areas of the rat. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 56, 465-475.
With C. H. Madsen, Jr. Individual isohedons in sucrose-sodium chloride and sucrose-saccharin gustatory areas. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 56, 903-909.
With R. G. Burright & L. J. Tromater. Preferences of the white rat for solutions of sucrose and quinine hydrochloride. American Journal of Psychology, 76, 205-217.
Motivation. In A. Deutsch (Ed.), The encyclopedia of mental health. New York: Franklin Watts.
1964
With C. L. Trafton. Activity contour maps as related to preference in four gustatory stimulus areas of the rat. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 58, 68-75.
With C. L. Trafton. Psychophysical studies of taste preference and fluid intake. In M. Wayner (Ed.), Thirst, proceedings of the First International Symposium on Thirst in the Regulation of Body Water held at the Florida State University in Tallahassee, May 1963. Oxford, England: Pergamon Press.
1965
Hedonic organization and regulation of behavior. Psychological Review, in press.
Physiological drives. In E. L. Sills (Ed.), International encyclopedia of the social sciences. New York: Macmillan, in press.
Emotion: The concept. In E. L. Sills (Ed.), International encyclopedia of the social sciences. New York: Macmillan, in press.
I have now read through:
“Reversal of food preferences of the white rat through controlled pre-feeding”; PT Young—The Journal of general psychology, 1940 - Taylor & Francis
“Appetite, palatability and feeding habit: a critical review”. PT Young—Psychological Bulletin, 1948
“Food-seeking drive, affective process, and learning”. PT Young—Psychological Review, 1949
None of them mention any experiments which match Feynman’s description even a little bit, and the hits for ‘sand’ all refer to rats digging, not constructing mazes.
For anyone interested in helping with this problem, I have started a page in my wikipedia sandbox.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Niels_Olson/Young%27s_1937_experiment_on_rats
I noticed something interesting: in Google Scholar, when you punch in Young as author and the reasonable search terms ‘rat’ ‘maze’ ‘sand’ restricted to before Feynman’s lecture, only 3 items pop up.
I don’t have access to the 3, so I’ve requested them: http://lesswrong.com/lw/ji3/lesswrong_help_desk_free_paper_downloads_and_more/auye
(Frustratingly, Young wrote a whole textbook on rats/mice available on the Internet Archive—the year before Feynman says he did the experiment! Another textbook, Emotion in man and animal: its nature and dynamic basis, isn’t on IA but is in Google Books; checking it with a few keywords like ‘sand’ and ‘smell’ and ‘third’, doesn’t seem to throw up any particularly good hits.)
Emotion in man and animal can now be read on Hathitrust: https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000426365 Checking the ToC doesn’t turn up anything relevant, and an additional search for ‘maze’ shows some maze-running mice experiments but not the one in question.
I wonder if it’s possible this is the wrong Young? It is not that rare a US surname (far from it, #28 in 1990). Thinking about it, isn’t calling him “Mr. Young” a little odd? P.T. Young definitely had a PhD and was a tenured professor, so it’s a bit disrespectful to not refer to him as ‘Dr Young’ or Professor Young’. (And some quick skimming doesn’t turn up any obvious connections between Young’s University of Illinois and Feynman, so how did he hear of it?)