I would also like to issue a general warning against taking theorems too seriously. Theorems are very delicate creatures; often if their assumptions are relaxed even slightly they totally fall apart.
Is the criteria for antifragility formal enough that there could be a list of antifragile theorems?
No. The fragility is in humans’ ability to misinterpret theorems, not in the theorems themselves, and humans are complex enough that I highly doubt that you’d be able to come up with a useful list of criteria that could guarantee that no human would ever misinterpret a theorem.
Is the criteria for antifragility formal enough that there could be a list of antifragile theorems?
No. The fragility is in humans’ ability to misinterpret theorems, not in the theorems themselves, and humans are complex enough that I highly doubt that you’d be able to come up with a useful list of criteria that could guarantee that no human would ever misinterpret a theorem.