The problem statement is assuming a perfect predictor, though, so that ‘instead of’ clause is mostly noise.
Yeah, it designates the counterfactual; what they didn’t take.
It’s not referring to a possible state of reality.
In which case there aren’t possible states of reality; only exemplified and counterfactual states.
The problem statement is assuming a perfect predictor, though, so that ‘instead of’ clause is mostly noise.
Yeah, it designates the counterfactual; what they didn’t take.
It’s not referring to a possible state of reality.
In which case there aren’t possible states of reality; only exemplified and counterfactual states.