Intuitive and non-intuitive findings of systems theory, like what adding a second queue does or increasing the variability of a flow rate or changing the size of a buffer.
Relatedly and perhaps even more fundamentally, the basic discipline of thinking about a system and implementing a mathematical model or simulation to explore these topics, which drove the insights you mention. And in many ways, it’s easier to test without worrying about people gaming the system, because you can give new examples and require them to actually explore the question.
Intuitive and non-intuitive findings of systems theory, like what adding a second queue does or increasing the variability of a flow rate or changing the size of a buffer.
Relatedly and perhaps even more fundamentally, the basic discipline of thinking about a system and implementing a mathematical model or simulation to explore these topics, which drove the insights you mention. And in many ways, it’s easier to test without worrying about people gaming the system, because you can give new examples and require them to actually explore the question.