1) In most cases, the voting method options when voting on competing (non-sapient) plans are the same as those for candidates. In fact, as I said, Arrow’s theorem and Sen’s theorem were originally posed as being about voting over world-states rather than candidates. And approval voting, with a 50% threshold, has been used various times in practice for voting on incompatible ballot initiatives.
The exception to this rule is when voting methods use delegation in some way (such as “liquid democracy”, SODA, PLACE, and to a much lesser extent 3-2-1). Obviously, these methods require sapient candidates, or at least some kind of impartial divergence measure over candidates.
2) As I hinted, I think that the academic literature on this tends to focus more on the axiomatic/Arrovian paradigm than it should. I suspect that there is some political science research that relates, but aside from a few simple results on spoiled ballots under IRV (they go up) I’m not familiar with it.
3) Organizations are probably more able to tolerate “complicated” voting methods — especially organizations of “nerds”, such as Debian or the Hugo awards. But my intuition in this area is based on anecdotes, not solid research.
4) Hmm… I’ll have to think about that one, I’ll get back to you.
1) In most cases, the voting method options when voting on competing (non-sapient) plans are the same as those for candidates. In fact, as I said, Arrow’s theorem and Sen’s theorem were originally posed as being about voting over world-states rather than candidates. And approval voting, with a 50% threshold, has been used various times in practice for voting on incompatible ballot initiatives.
The exception to this rule is when voting methods use delegation in some way (such as “liquid democracy”, SODA, PLACE, and to a much lesser extent 3-2-1). Obviously, these methods require sapient candidates, or at least some kind of impartial divergence measure over candidates.
2) As I hinted, I think that the academic literature on this tends to focus more on the axiomatic/Arrovian paradigm than it should. I suspect that there is some political science research that relates, but aside from a few simple results on spoiled ballots under IRV (they go up) I’m not familiar with it.
3) Organizations are probably more able to tolerate “complicated” voting methods — especially organizations of “nerds”, such as Debian or the Hugo awards. But my intuition in this area is based on anecdotes, not solid research.
4) Hmm… I’ll have to think about that one, I’ll get back to you.